Solve the time-value-of-money variable you need. Calculate present value, future value, periodic payment, interest rate, or number of periods. Choose payment frequency, compounding frequency, and whether payments happen at the beginning or end of each period.
Five solve modes • Flexible compounding settings • Period-by-period scheduleBalance progression
This chart shows the balance after each full period using the selected payment direction and payment timing.
| Measure | Estimate |
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Schedule
| Period | Opening balance | Payment | Interest | Closing balance |
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How to use the finance calculator
Select the value to solve for and enter the other four time-value variables. Choose whether payments add to a savings balance or reduce a loan balance. Set payments per year, interest compounding per year, and whether payments happen at the beginning or end of each period.
Understanding the time value of money
Money available now can earn interest or be used immediately, so a present amount and a future amount are not directly equivalent. The time-value calculation connects present value, future value, periodic payment, interest rate, and number of periods under stated assumptions.
How payment timing changes the result
An end-of-period payment earns or accrues interest for the next period. A beginning-of-period payment occurs one period earlier, so it has an additional period to grow or reduce the balance. This is also called an annuity due.
Questions and limitations
What do P/Y and C/Y mean?
P/Y is the number of payments per year. C/Y is the number of interest compounding periods per year. The calculator converts the nominal annual rate into an effective rate for each payment period.
Why might my answer not match a financial contract?
Actual contracts may use daily accrual, irregular payment dates, fees, variable rates, rounding, or special payment allocation. This calculator assumes a fixed rate and regular periods.
How is a fractional number of periods shown?
The N solution can be fractional because it is the mathematical period-equivalent. The schedule lists complete periods before that result; a real contract may require another full or partial payment.
Results are estimates for learning and planning. They are not a loan offer, investment projection, or financial advice.